• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Trailer intended for detachable connection with a truck or similar vehicle. The trailer comprises a substantially flat laser surface and a superstructure which can be folded between a retracted position in which it is stored at one end of the trailer and leaves the cargo tray open, and an extended position in which it extends from one end of the trailer to the other end of the trailer and covers the cargo van. The trailer is further provided with a number of locks for locking engagement with associated locking means on a shipping container.
    公开号:DK201000021U1
    申请号:DK201000021U
    申请日:2010-01-29
    公开日:2010-08-27
    发明作者:Lund Soeren；Schmidt Soeren
    申请人:Dsv As；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1DK 2010 00021 U4
    UNIVERSAL TRAILER
    The production relates to a trailer adapted for detachable attachment to a truck or similar vehicle. The trailer comprises a substantially planar loading surface and a superstructure which can be folded between a retracted position where it is stored at one end of the trailer and leaves the loading surface open, and an extended position in which it extends from one end of the trailer to the other end of the trailer, thereby covering the load surface. The trailer is further provided with a number of locks for locking engagement with associated locking means on a shipping container.
    Description of prior art
    Trucks with attached trailer are commonly used for land transport. The cargo is essentially shipped in two different ways to transport by trailer. The load can be loaded directly onto the bottom or loaded by a trailer, eg a flat bottom trailer, where it must be attached to prevent it from moving during transport. It is also common to place pallets under the load to raise it free of the load that may be wet or dirty, and to allow easy handling during loading and unloading. The trailers used for transporting this type of goods usually have a superstructure that provides protection for the cargo and prevents the cargo from falling off during transport. It is common for the superstructure to have side curtains that can be folded back to allow reading from the sides of the trailer. In EP1775160 it has even been proposed to use a retractable superstructure capable of collecting both the side walls and the ceiling at one end of the trailer, thereby allowing for readings from both sides and from above.
    In addition, EP 1356 968 shows a trailer with a retractable superstructure. The trailer comprises a substantially planar loading surface and a superstructure which can be folded between a retracted position where it is stored at one end of the trailer and leaves the loading surface open, and an extended position in which it extends from one end of the trailer to the at the other end of the trailer, thereby covering the loading surface, the superstructure comprising a tarpaulin supported by a number of support rods which are evenly distributed in the longitudinal direction of the trailer, which in a first position spreads the tarpaulin over the trailer's loading surface and which in a second position is folded.
    2 2GB 2010 00021 U4
    The other way to handle goods transported by trailer is to load the goods onto the bottom of a shipping container, which is then placed on the trailer. The type of trailers used to ship containers are usually frame-free (skeletal trailer) trailers, but shipping containers are also transported on flatbed trailers that have a barn and no superstructure. It is necessary to keep the containers attached to the trailers during transport. Usually, the shipping containers have standard dimensions and standardized locking means, where 20 'and 40' ISO containers used for mixed freight transport are particularly common. Regarding flat bottom trailers, it is known from, for example, US 6,364,584 to secure the ISO containers with pivot locks in the cargo floor of the trailer.
    There is none of the aforementioned patents showing that the superstructure of the trailer can be retracted so much that the total length of a 40 'freight container and the superstructure in its retracted position does not exceed the length of the loading surface of the trailer. Furthermore, none of the above-mentioned patents discloses the combination of a trailer with a retractable superstructure, as well as standardized locking means adapted to engage with corresponding locking means on a standard ISO container.
    Therefore, in order to handle goods in the two described ways, two types of trailers are needed ie. a flatbed trailer with superstructure and a skeleton or flatbed trailer without superstructure. This poses a problem if the trailer that fits a specific load is unavailable or, conversely, the type of load that fits a specific trailer is not available. As an example, a flatbed trailer without a superstructure can bring a shipping container to a first location. At this location, the nearest cargo to be transported is not loaded into a shipping container but is only on pallets. Consequently, the flatbed trailer cannot carry this load and has to find container-filled cargo further away, leading to extended travel length to be loaded again, which in turn leads to greater overall costs as overall fuel consumption, vehicle service costs and driving time increase. Furthermore, the increased travel distance also has a negative environmental impact. Alternatively, longer waiting times may be required before goods of the right type appear.
    Description of the production
    It is an object of production to reduce unnecessary travel lengths or to shorten waiting periods when transporting goods with trailers. An advantage of the present generation is that it reduces unnecessary fuel consumption, vehicle service costs and 3 3DK 2010 00021 U4 driving time. The above object and advantage, together with a variety of other objects and advantages, will become apparent from the detailed descriptions given below of preferred embodiments of the invention.
    According to a first aspect of the present invention, the objects and advantages are achieved by a trailer adapted to be detachably connected to a truck or similar vehicle. The trailer comprises a substantially planar loading surface and a superstructure which can be folded between a retracted position where it is stored at one end of the trailer and leaves the loading surface open, and an extended position in which it extends from one end of the trailer to the at the other end of the trailer, thereby covering the loading surface, the superstructure comprising a tarpaulin supported by a number of support rods which are evenly distributed in the longitudinal direction of the trailer. The support racks are joined on each side of the trailer by means of articulated joints, which in a first position extend the tarpaulin over the trailer's loading surface and which are folded in a second position so that the total length of the superstructure in its retracted position is equal to or less than 1.4 m. The trailer is additionally provided with a number of locks for locking engagement with associated locking means on a shipping container.
    With the superstructure in its retracted position, a freight container can be unloaded on the trailer's trailer and brought into engagement with the locks, thereby permitting the transport of freight containers. With the superstructure in its straightened position instead, the cargo is located inside the superstructure, thereby allowing goods to be loaded directly onto the bottom of the cargo. Thus, both of the aforementioned ways of handling goods will be possible with the described trailer.
    The superstructure may be retractable to such an extent that the total length of a 40 'freight container and the superstructure in its retracted position does not exceed the length of the trailer load. This means that the commonly used 40 'ISO containers will fit on the trailer.
    In addition, it has been found that the invention overcomes a technical prejudice, since for many years prior to the present production there has existed a need which has not been met until the present invention, the relevant professionals having had a prejudice against to transcend their boundaries and combine elements from two different specialties, in this case on the one hand the construction and manufacture of 4 4DK 2010 00021 U4 trailers for the land transport of shipping containers and on the other hand the construction and manufacture of trailers with cargo and superstructure for transport of loose piece goods.
    Transport of shipping containers is a specialty which requires specially designed trailers and also lifting gear that can handle the respective containers by unloading and loading.
    In practice, portal cranes are usually used in specially designed terminals, typically in port areas.
    The containers can be handled by specially designed forklifts, but such forklifts are only available in very few places. Transport in shipping containers is in practice only rational for transport between companies that have a large or specialized transport need.
    A large number of transport tasks are most conveniently solved by means of trailers fitted with barges and a superstructure. With such trailers, loose cargo can be transported far more flexibly, as the goods can be picked up at several locations and similarly delivered to several different addressees.
    Thus, there are two different areas of application, each with its own logistics used to solve the transport tasks.
    The two different modes of transport mentioned above have very naturally led to the fact that the trailers used for the respective transport tasks are designed in very different ways.
    Thus, a trailer for transporting ship containers is provided with locking means which are secured and placed on the trailer chassis according to standardized regulations and so that 20- and 40-foot containers can be securely locked during transport. That is the basic need. It follows that a trailer for the land transport of shipping containers is simply designed with a load-bearing chassis and, as a rule, without a load or superstructure, which will be superfluous parts.
    Trailers intended for freight transport must be arranged in such a way that freight can be stowed on a barn, possibly standing on a pallet. The trailer must also be fitted with a superstructure that effectively protects against the weather and wind during transport.
    5 5GB 2010 00021 U4 Against this background, it is understandable that the bodywork workshops involved in the design and manufacture of trailers for the land transport of ship containers do not have much in common with the bodywork workshops which build cargo trailers with superstructure for the transport of loose cargo. Similarly, there are employed professionals in one trailer type who are not professionals in the other field.
    The superstructure can in its retracted position be assembled at the front end of the trailer, which has the advantage that the freight container can also be loaded onto the cargo from the rear of the trailer. The superstructure defines, as mentioned above, a longitudinal dimension in its retracted position equal to or less than 1.4 m. To be more precise, the superstructure can define a longitudinal dimension in its retracted position equal to or less than 1, This will allow the commonly used 40 'ISO containers to fit onto the trailer.
    The superstructure may include a roof covering including a first tarpaulin wall located at one side of the trailer, a second tarpaulin wall located at the other side of the trailer, and a plurality of support racks. This has the advantage that the superstructure will be very light, thereby allowing easier handling when the superstructure is retracted or straightened. The support racks can be adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the trailer and define a form of the superstructure as a harmonic belly when the superstructure is in the retracted position. This provides the advantage that the superstructure can be retracted by simply pushing its back towards the front of the trailer, or being pulled out by simply pulling its back towards the back of the trailer, thereby allowing easier handling when the trailer is being switched over.
    The number of support racks may comprise a first vertical wall post located at one side of the trailer and providing support for the first tarpaulin wall, and a second vertical wall post positioned directly opposite the first wall post at the other side of the trailer and providing support for the second tarpaulin wall. The first vertical post and the second vertical post may be joined at their respective upper ends by a cross beam to support the tarpaulin roof. The first vertical wall post may be attached to a first longitudinal rail by means of a first sliding coupling at the lower end of the first vertical wall post, and the second vertical wall post may be secured to a second longitudinal rail by a second sliding coupling at the lower end of the second vertical wall post. The advantage 6DK 2010 00021 U4 in this is that it provides a stable superstructure that can be retracted and retracted at the same time. Two adjacent support racks out of the many support racks can be connected to each side of the trailer by means of a hinge connection while folding the tarpaulin wall on the respective side of the load as the superstructure is retracted. This feature has the advantage that the superstructure will not extend significantly because the trailer's load when the superstructure is in its retracted position, which has the advantage that only a minor part of the superstructure will be in the way when a cargo container is handled close to the trailer during loading and unloading. It also has the advantage of reduced air resistance during transport in this position.
    The superstructure may be provided with a back side comprising a door frame attached to the first longitudinal rail and the second longitudinal rail, and there may be one or more doors pivotally suspended in the door frame. This feature has the advantage that goods can be loaded directly onto the drawer, even when the superstructure is in its straightened position.
    The locks may be provided in the trailer floor. This has the advantage that they can be accessed from the substrate to be manually engaged or out of engagement, thereby simplifying the reading. Furthermore, the locks can be retractable under the loading surface of the trailer, which has the advantage that the goods can also be placed at the positions of the locks. The locks may be located at the corners of the open loading surface outside the retracted superstructure of the trailer. This means that the locks are spaced as far as possible on the loading surface, which optimizes the strength and stability of the attachment of a freight container to the trailer.
    The locks can be constituted by pivot locks positioned to engage the lower corner pieces of two 20 'shipping containers mounted on the trailer. This has the advantage that two standardized containers can be loaded onto the drawer using robust, fast-locking locks. In addition, the locks may be pivot locks arranged to engage the lower corner pieces of a 40 'freight container mounted on the trailer, which has the advantage that the most commonly used freight container types can be loaded onto the load using sturdy locks that quickly intervenes.
    In practice, a trailer designed as defined in the utility model requirements can typically be used by performing steps a) to f) below.
    7 7GB 2010 00021 U4 (a) loading of the cargo container onto the loading surface of the trailer at a first location where the superstructure is in its retracted position and the locking of the cargo container to the trailer takes place by locking the locks with associated locking means on the cargo container; b) transport (c) unlocking the cargo container from the trailer by disengaging the locks with the associated locking means on the cargo container and unloading the cargo container from the trailer of the other location; d) extracting the superstructure from one end of the trailer to the other end of the trailer, thereby covering the cargo, e) loading goods on the cargo, and f) withdrawing the superstructure and storing the superstructure at one end of the trailer, thereby leaving the cargo open.
    This use has the advantage of reducing unnecessary fuel consumption, vehicle service costs and driving time when transporting both pallet goods and freight containers.
    Brief description of the drawings
    Further objects, advantages and features will become more apparent from the detailed description and drawings of the presently preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein:
    FIG. Figure 1 shows a side view of a trailer having its superstructure in the retracted position and a 40 'ISO container mounted on its barn,
    FIG. Figure 2 shows a side view of a trailer having its superstructure in the retracted position and a two 20 'ISO containers placed on its barn;
    FIG. 3 shows a side view of a unloaded trailer having its superstructure in the retracted position,
    FIG. 4 shows a side view of a unloaded trailer having its superstructure in the straightened position, and
    FIG. 5 shows a top view of a unloaded trailer having its superstructure in the retracted position.
    Detailed description of the production
    A trailer according to the presently provided embodiment of the production is shown in FIG. 1. The trailer 10 has a steering bolt or clutch nipple 11 intended for reception in a quick-opening clutch mechanism, or a fifth wheel clutch, on a truck or tow vehicle. The trailer has a flat load surface 16 and a foldable superstructure 12, which in its retracted position is stored at the front end 13 of the trailer 10.1. In the preferred embodiment, the foldable superstructure 12 has a tarpaulin ceiling and tarpaulin sidewalls supported by support racks 15. However, the tarpaulin is for example, the superstructure 12 has a door frame 22a which holds a double door 22b at its rear and a stationary wall 23 at its front. A 40 'ISO container 17 having locking means 18 in the form of corner pieces is located on the loading surface 16. of the trailer 10. The trailer 10 is provided with locks 19 in the form of pivot locks which can be received and retracted. engaging the locking centers 18. The locks 19 can be retracted under the loading surface 16 of the loading floor 30.
    The same trailer 10 as in FIG. 1 is also shown in FIG. 2, but instead two 20 'containers 20 are placed on its loading surface 16. The 20' container has locking means 28 of the same type as the aforementioned 40 'container, and the same locks 19 are engaged to secure the two 20 Containers 20. Additional latches 21 in the form of pivot locks are provided to lock to the unlocked ends of the 20 'containers 20. These additional latches 21 may also be retracted below the loading surface.
    In FIG. 3 shows the same trailer 10 as shown in FIG. 2 but now without a container on its loading surface 16. Dimensions a, b and c have been set, where the first dimension a corresponds to the length dimension of the superstructure 12 in its retracted position, the dimension b corresponds to the length of the loading surface 16 which is open, when the superstructure 12 is in its retracted position and the third target c corresponds to the total length of the load surface 16. Here c is equal to the sum of a and b. In the preferred embodiment, the first target a is equal to or less than 1, 32 m, which, for a usual commercial total length c of the loading surface 16, provides a sufficient length b of the open loading surface 16 for it to carry the entire length of a 40 'container.
    In FIG. 4, the same trailer 10 is shown as shown in the previous figure, but where the locks are removed and the foldable superstructure 12 is in its straightened position where it extends from the front end 13 to the rear end 14 of the trailer 10. As in the previous figures, the superstructure 12 tarpaulins are not shown to maintain clarity, so that the underlying support racks 15 supporting the tarpaulins become visible. Each support rack 15 has a vertical wall post 24 on each side of the trailer 10, which is connected transversely to a cross beam 25. Two adjacent support racks 15 are connected on each side of the trailer 10 via a hinge connection 29, which folds the tarpaulin walls on the respective DK 2010 00021 U4 9 ten sides of the loading surface towards the center of the longitudinal loading surface as the superstructure is retracted, whereby the superstructure will take the form of a harmonic bellows. The vertical wall posts 24 are secured at their lower ends to longitudinal rails 26 on each side of the trailer 10 by sliding couplings 27 and allow longitudinal displacement of the positions of the support racks 15.
    FIG. 5 is a top view of the embodiment of FIG. 3 trailer ie a load-free trailer with its superstructure in the retracted position covering the longitudinal rails 26 located on each side of the trailer 10.
    In all figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same features or elements.
    10 10 10DK 2010 00021 U4
    Reference numerals 10 trailer 11 guide bolt 12 superstructure 5 13 front 14 rear 15 support rack 16 loading surface 17 40'ISO container 10 18 locking means on 40 'ISO container 19 20740' lock 20 20 'container 21 20' lock 22a door frame 15 22b double door 23 stationary wall 24 vertical wall post 25 crossbeam 26 longitudinal rail 20 27 sliding clutch 28 locking means on 20 'ISO container 29 joint connection 30 cargo floor
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    A trailer (10) adapted for detachable attachment to a truck or similar vehicle, the trailer (10) comprising a substantially flat load surface (16) and a superstructure (12) which can be folded between a retracted position where it is stored at one end of the trailer (10) leaving the loading surface (16) open and an extended position in which it extends from one end of the trailer (10) to the other end of the trailer (10) thereby covering the loading surface (16) ), wherein the superstructure (12) comprises a tarpaulin supported by a plurality of support racks (15) evenly distributed in the longitudinal direction of the trailer (10), which is new in that the support racks (15) are joined at each side of the trailer ( 10) by means of articulated joints (29), which support stands (15) in a first position span the tarpaulin over the load surface (16) of the trailer and which in a second position are folded together so that the total length of the superstructure (12) in its retracted positio n is equal to or less than 1.4 m and the trailer (10) is provided with a plurality of locks (19, 21) for locking engagement with associated locking means (18, 28) on a shipping container (17, 20) .
    [2]
    The trailer (10) of claim 1, which is new in that the superstructure (12) is assembled in its retracted position at the front end (13) of the trailer (10).
    [3]
    The trailer (10) of claim 1, which is new in that the superstructure (12) can be retracted so much that the total length (L) of a 40 'freight container (f) (17) and the superstructure (a) ( 12) in its retracted position does not exceed the length (c) of the load surface (16) of the trailer (10), whereby L = f + a <c.
    [4]
    The trailer (10) according to one of claims 1-3, which is new in that the tarpaulin comprises a tarpaulin ceiling, a first tarpaulin wall located at one side of the trailer (10), a second tarpaulin wall located at the other side of the trailer ( 10).
    [5]
    The trailer (10) of claim 4, which is new in that the support racks (15) are adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the trailer and define the shape of the superstructure (12) as a harmonic belly when the superstructure (12) is in its retracted position.
    [6]
    The trailer (10) according to any one of claims 1-5, which is new in that each of the support racks (15) comprises a first vertical wall post (24) located at one side of the trailer (10) and providing support. for the first tarpaulin wall, a second vertical tarpaulin (24) located 12 opposite the first tarpaulin at the other side of the trailer (10) and providing support for the second tarpaulin wall and the first vertical tarpaulin (24) and the second vertical wall post (24) at their respective upper ends are connected via a cross beam (25) providing support for the tarpaulin ceiling, said first vertical wall post (24) being secured to a first longitudinal rail (26) by a first sliding coupling (27) at the lower end of the first vertical wall post (24) and the second vertical wall post (24) being secured to a second longitudinal rail (26) by a second sliding coupling (27) at the lower end of the second vertical wall stand lpe (24).
    [7]
    The trailer (10) of claim 6, which is new in that the superstructure (12) has a back side having a door frame (22a) attached to the first longitudinal rail (26) and the second longitudinal rail (26), and one or more doors (22b) are pivotally suspended in the door frame (22a).
    [8]
    The trailer (10) according to one of claims 1-7, which is new in that a plurality of locks (19, 21) are provided in the load floor (30) of the trailer (10).
    [9]
    The trailer (10) according to one of claims 1-8, which is new in that the locks (19, 21) can be retracted under the load surface (16) of the trailer (10).
    [10]
    The trailer (10) according to any one of claims 1-9, which is new in that the locks (19, 21) are located at the corners of the open load surface (16) outside the retracted superstructure (12) of the trailer (10). .
    [11]
    Trailer (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10, which is new in that the locks (19, 21) are pivot locks arranged to engage the lower corner pieces (18, 28) of two 20 'shipping containers (20) disposed on the trailer (10).
    11 11DK 2010 00021 U4
    [12]
    Trailer (10) according to one of claims 1-11, which is new in that the locks (19) are pivot locks arranged to engage the lower corner pieces (18) of a 40 'freight container ( 17) mounted on the trailer (10).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2010084368A1|2010-07-29|
    DK201000021U4|2011-08-26|
    EP2389301A1|2011-11-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3486787A|1967-10-09|1969-12-30|Trailco Mfg & Sales Co|Retractable lock|
    US4419034A|1981-01-12|1983-12-06|Line Fast Corporation|Telescopable retractable stacker key locking device|
    EP0936093A1|1997-09-08|1999-08-18|Tadao Shinohara|Cargo carrying vehicle|
    法律状态:
    2015-08-14| UBP| Utility model lapsed|Effective date: 20150126 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    PCT/IB2009/000121|WO2010084368A1|2009-01-26|2009-01-26|Multi-purpose trailer|
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